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โครงการหนังสออเล็กทรอนกสด้านการเกษตร เฉลมพระเกียรตพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว
Observation
1) In comparison, by air can reach any Chinese city within one day, but
maybe 7-8 times of the cost by sea. It takes the ships 4-7 days from
Lat Krabang to major ports in China. Transportation in containers by
truck takes about 2-3 days. Transportation in containers by rail costs
30%-50% less than by truck (Table 2.13);
2) Laos-China railway opened to traffic on December 3, 2021. It delivered
the first batch of Thai fruits on April 1, 2022. Mohan checkpoint started
operations on December 3, 2022. Thai fruits may utilize this railway to
reach Kunming from Rayong in 4-5 days (Figure 2.14);
3) Due to the impacts of Covid 19, the volume proportion of land transport
decreased from 48% in 2021 to an expected 40% in 2022, sea transport
increased from 52% to 55%, while air transport jumped from less than
1% to 5%;
4) The shock of logistic breakdown came from congestion at the border
checkpoints in early 2021. The situation improved gradually thanks to
the cooperation between China and Thailand. On the Chinese
side: higher passthrough effciency with Drop and Pull Transport (甩挂)
method, fruit green channel, and 7x24 customs clearance by
appointment; On the Thai side: certification of Covid test and
disinfection covering each step of the supply chain with a 2P2S
(people, process, system & structure) mechanism;
5) On January 8, 2023, China announced the ending of the Zero Covid
Policy (ZCP) and related draconian SPS procedure at the border
checkpoints.

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