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International Seminar on Biodiversity and Sustainable Development in the Mekong River Basin 32

any parameter. With the continuing development of both agriculture (increased use of fertilizers)
and urbanization there is reason to expect changes in water quality in some tributaries. In the
present study, checking water quality is carried on to understand the level of pollutants. Regarding
physical examination for water resources; pH (scale) = 7.1, color = > 50 (units), turbidity = 15.1
(N.T.U), conductivity = 316 (micromhos/cm) ; as well as chemical analysis for calcium as Ca =
40, total hardness (CaCO3) = 180, magnesium as Mg = 20, chloride as Cl = 12, total alkalinity =
100, total iron (Fe) = > 0.2, manganese (Mn) = 0.03, sulphate (SO4) = < 200, in doing so, the
results of water quality are chemically portable but the color (units) is little higher than the
imperative limit of W.H.O standard, it is neglectable limits through the years.
P.G. Whitehead et.,al, described as in 2019; from this study, it appears that climate change
will substantially affect river flow and water quality into the future, with larger mean flows and a
strong likelihood of enhanced flooding and also extended drought periods. The low flows will also
be exacerbated by the myriad of dams being built in the upstream catchment and over time these
will reduce low flows in the dry periods. In the present study, it is considered the reasons of climate
change because of deforestation on the mountain ranges as illegal logging as well as illegal trading
of wildlife products in the vicinity of borderline of Mekong River in Myanmar. Similarity, more
flooding as well as drought may be happened in this study area, in doing so, it may be difficult for
getting water sanitation and sustainable likelihoods are leading towards challenges in the study
area, Mekong River (Myanmar).
Minoru Kamoto and Muanpong Juntopas mentioned in 2011; the advantage that the
Mekong Basin has over many other regions is that a start has been made while the river is still in
good condition, and there are still sufficient natural resources available in the basin. It should be
easier to limit degradation and loss of resources than to restore degraded systems. However, the
longer we wait the more difficult it becomes. The Mekong River system is still in good condition
and basin wide cooperation at all levels is crucial to ensure that it stays that way. The present study
is totally agreed with this, because the quality of water resource is still good condition. But it needs
to be monitoring the sequence effects of developmental projects as well as irrigation dams at the
Mekong River.
According to Baran E. (2010); in the upstream migration zone biodiversity is clearly at
risk. Following the construction of 6 mainstream dams in this area, 90% of the river stretch
between the Chinese border and Vientiane would be turned into a reservoir. At least 41 species are
threatened by a severe alteration of their habitat. By comparison this number corresponds for
instance to about half the total freshwater fish fauna of the United Kingdom (99 species). The
family most exposed would be Balitoridae (river loaches), with about 10% of its 93 Mekong
species at risk. The iconic, endemic and critically endangered Mekong Giant Catfish would also
be at great risk of total extinction since its main breeding area is located in this area, near Chiang
Saen. However, since 17 other dams blocking access to 46,000 km2 upstream of tributaries are
also planned in the area, habitat alteration and impact on fish biodiversity are not specifically due
to mainstream dams. There is no information as to whether any of the 41 species specifically
threatened can survive in reservoirs. In the upstream cluster zone, the local fish production
represents 5% maximum of the Mekong fish production. In this area covering 123,700 km2 there
might be 23 hydropower projects by 2030, which means that the river network would be largely
obstructed by dams, and that the local habitat of the 189 local fish species will change drastically.
Following dam development, a loss of fish production and of fish biodiversity is to be expected.
In the preset works, because of implementation of developmental projects as well as irrigation
dams in the upstream and downstream of Mekong River, it may be decreasing the fisheries

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