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โครงการรวบรวมและจัดทําวารสารอิเล็กทรอนิกส์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์

Thai J. For. 31 (3) : 25-35 (2012) วารสารวนศาสตร 31 (3) : 25-35 (2555)
์

นิพนธ์ต้นฉบับ

ผลกระทบของการเผาไร่หมุนเวียนบนพื้นที่สูงต่อการเก็บกักและ
ปลดปล่อยคาร์บอนสู่บรรยากาศ

Effects of Highland Swidden Farm Burning on
Carbon Storage and Loss to Atmosphere

กอบศักดิ์ วันธงไชย Kobsak Wanthongchai 1
1
พูลสถิตย์ วงศ์สวัสดิ์ Poonsatit Wongsawat 2
2

1 คณะวนศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ จตุจักร กรุงเทพฯ 10900
Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
E-mail: fforksw@ku.ac.th
2 ส�านักอุทยานแห่งชาติ กรมอุทยานแห่งชาติ สัตว์ป่าและพันธุ์พืช จตุจักร กรุงเทพฯ 10900
National Park Office, Department of National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand

รับต้นฉบับ 20 กันยายน 2554 รับลงพิมพ์ 19 ธันวาคม 2554

ABSTRACT
This research aimed to study carbon storage during the fallow period, loss during
slash-and-burn, and recovery after burning in long fallow period swidden farming, short
fallow period swidden farming in a forest rehabilitation area at Doi Phu Kha National Park,
Nan province. Each site consisted of 3 replication plots, and hence there were 9 plots in
the study. Prior to slashing, fuel loading was estimated using a harvesting method. Moreover,
4 soil samples per plot at depths of 30 cm were also collected to determine the soil and root
carbon contents and their pools. All residues and soil samples were collected immediately
after burning. The transfer of carbon to the atmosphere during burning was calculated as the
differences between the quantities of pre-burning carbon pool (plant and soil and fine
root) and post-burning residues (ash, charred material, unburned material, post-burning soil
and fine roots). In addition, carbon recovery was monitored for 6 months after burning.
The results showed that the carbon pool was highest in the rehabilitation area
(79.22 ton/ha), followed by long swidden farming (73.01 ton/ha), and short swidden farm
(45.56 ton/ha), respectively. However, the carbon pool from tree parts in the rehabilitation
area was not included. A great portion of carbon was stored in the belowground part in
both the long and short swidden farming. The relative carbon loss was lowest on the
rehabilitation site (21%), compared to the swidden farms (ca. 35%). The overall carbon
recovery in the long fallow period swidden farming and in the rehabilitation area was gradual
at a rate of ca. 0.5 ton/ha/month, although the recovery for the short fallow period swidden
farming was not clear. This finding may suggest that slash-and-burn agriculture by allowing
long fallow period swidden farming may be sufficient to restore carbon to a similar level
to pre-burning until the next slash-and-burn begins.

Keywords: carbon loss, rehabilitation area, slash-and-burn, swidden farming