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โครงการหนังสออเล็กทรอนกสด้านการเกษตร เฉลมพระเกียรตพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว
How
The key functions of Export are fulfilled through the following process
(Table 2.4):

1) Exporters are registered with Department of International Trade,
Ministry of Commerce (MOC), Thailand;
2) Exporters negotiate with importers for a contract;
3) Exporters buy fruits from collectors or processors;
4) Exporters send sample products to Department of Agricultural
Extension, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Thailand,
to get Plant Disease-free Certificate;
5) Exporters assist importers in getting import authorization with
Certificate of Disease, Pesticide Residue or Insect issued by Department
of Agriculture, MOAC;
6) Exporters get Customs clearance from the Customs Department of
Thailand;
7) Exporters deliver to importers through Cross Border Logistics.

Observation
1) Exporters are organized in Thai Fresh Fruit Traders and Exporters
Association and Durian and Mangosteen Exporter Association (DMA)
(Figure 2.6);
2) Higher competition among the Exporters drives up the buying price
in Thailand and depresses the selling price in China. A higher price is
good for Thai farmers, but it raises the issue of sustainability;
3) Exporters with Chinese backgrounds are driving out the Thai exporters
due to their better connections in the Chinese market, and big capital
(with large investors aiming the profit in its eventual IPO);
4) There may be legal and tax issues between the Thai nominees and
their Chinese boss. It is also difficult to maintain the quality on a large
scale;
5) About 80% of Thai fruit exporters are OEM for Chinese importers,
15% have their own brands;
6) There are attempts for direct dealing with Chinese importers by farmers
and farmer organizations, however, without sustainable success.

30 Supply Chain