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โครงการหนังสออเล็กทรอนกสด้านการเกษตร เฉลมพระเกียรตพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว
International Seminar on Biodiversity and Sustainable Development in the Mekong River Basin 7

The first rule of successful marketing is to produce what consumers want. Marketing is
about identifying products that the consumer wants, and supplying at the right price, and in the
right form. Market research provides this type of information. At the same time, we need to
promote this product and inform the consumer about the benefits of it.
2. Sustainable Agroforestry:
Agroforestry means the deliberate growing of trees alongside crops and/or livestock so that
all parties can benefit from each other.
Agroforestry increases biodiversity, soil humidity and fertility, enabling diversified food
production and increased yields. The trees prevent soil erosion, provide shade, feed for animals,
compost material and moisture the soil. So, agroforestry helps to recreate a natural ecosystem.
Agroforestry comes with many positive effects that benefit farmers and local communities, on
and off-farm biodiversity, and soil health. It is a farming practice that follows the principles of
agroecology and implements them through the integration of trees into the farm management.
In this system, which combines the best features of agriculture and tree planting, trees have
numerous important functions. Agroforestry combines three important facets of sustainable
agriculture while compensating for tree loss caused by increasing rates of deforestation.
(https://greentumble.com/agroforestry-systems-and-practices/): The people needs: provide
nutrient rich and diverse food for farmers, farm families, and communities; helps to maintain
good public health and also improves the quality of life in rural areas. Profit: generates
additional income for farmers and helps to provide means for rural women, empowering them
and securing their livelihood. Safe planet and the environment: ecologically sound farming
practices, promotes healthy biodiversity and sensible management of natural resources;
agroforestry enhances soil health and improve farm’s adaptability to climate change as well as
helps to mitigate the impacts. Agroforestry systems host biodiversity of native species of plants
and wildlife because the presence of trees on farmed lands. Of course, agroforestry farms feature
higher biodiversity levels than other farming systems because trees create habitat for variety of
birds, insects, and small mammals. Often, this includes natural predators of common crop pests,
which helps to keep pest levels at check. Other aspect is that presence of trees
changes microclimate and alters environmental conditions for plants. Well-designed
agroforestry system can suppress the growth of weeds by restricting their space and/or deterring
them through the allelopathic effect–when trees release growth inhibiting chemicals into the
soil. Agroforestry practices can have amazing effect on soils. When managed well, trees have
a great capacity of maintaining soil fertility by building up organic matter, mediating nutrient
cycling and preventing nutrient leaching.

3. Forest and the climate change:
Afforestation refers to planting forests where there were none before, or where forests have
been missing for a long time (50 years or more). Reforestation is planting trees where forests have
been recently cleared. Natural regeneration of forests, have consequences and large potential to
store carbon over the coming decades. Natural regeneration of forests could capture up to 70 billion
tons of carbon in plants and soils between now and 2050—an amount equal to around seven years
of current industrial emissions. Combining natural regeneration with thoughtful afforestation and
reforestation is an important option for combating climate change. Climate change, desertification,
deforestation, and concerns about biodiversity are key drivers of environmental conflict all over
the world (Gerber, 2011; Ide, 2015). Questions about how best to manage natural resources in such

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