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โครงการหนังสออเล็กทรอนกสด้านการเกษตร เฉลมพระเกียรตพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว
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TEAK IN MEKONG
4) to recognize that plantation forestry is not
a substitute for natural forest management;
5) to promote efficient harvesting and
sustainable utilization of all forms of forest
produce; and
6) to enlist people's participation in forestry
sector development activities in order to
provide "people-based development" and
also create public awareness and mass
motivation for the protection and
conservation of forests.
Moreover, the new Forest Law, in line with
the Myanmar Forest Policy, focuses on a
balanced approach towards conservation
and development issues implicit in the
concept of sustainable forestry. It describes
the decentralization of the management
system and opening up the opportunities to
the private sector investment in the
plantation establishment. In addition, it
does highlight the environmental and
biodiversity conservation, and encourages
the community forestry and people's
participation in forest management but
prescribes more severe punishments for
forest offenses.
Under the Ministry of Natural Resources
and Environmental Conservation, the
Forest Department has the primary
responsibility for the administration and
management of the forestry sector. The
organizational structure comprises a
combination of government agencies such
as the Planning and Statistics Department,
the Forest Department, Myanmar Timber
Enterprise, the Dry zone Greening Department,
the Environmental Conservation Department,
the Survey Department, University of Forestry
and Environmental Sciences, Department of
Mines, Department of Geological Survey and
Mineral Exploration, No.1 Mining Enterprise,
No 2 Mining Enterprise, Myanmar Gems
.
Enterprise, Myanmar Pearl Enterprise.
Among these departments, the Forest
Department (FD) is mainly responsible for
the research and development of forest
management and conservation of
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biodiversity. Under the organizational
structure of FD, the Forest Research
Institute (FRI) and Central Forestry
Development Training Centre (CFDTC)
have been conducting the research works
on genetic conservation and tree breeding
and improvement by use of in vitro and in
vivo propagation techniques.
Conclusion
About half of the land area of Myanmar is still
covered with forests, of which 38 % is
composed of the mixed deciduous forest
types where Teak grows naturally well as
Teak bearing forest. The forestry sector has
contributed significantly to the country’s
economy and timber, especially Teak wood,
has been major source of export earnings for
many years. More than a century and a half of
scientific management the natural forests of
Myanmar are still in comparatively good
extent and condition. But much efforts are
needed which focused on the management of
natural forests to provide timber, and
strengthen the protective functions to ensure
environmental stability and ecosystem
integrity. Moreover, the large-scale Teak
plantations are now being established through
the application of modernized techniques and
the involvement of private enterprises, to
complement the primary effort in the natural
forest management.
The destruction of the natural teak forests is
a global concern. The issue is not confined
only to the countries where these forests
exist. The developing nations with low
financial development are simply incapable
of just conserving and improving the
forests, and they have to utilize the forest
resources for their economic and social
development. In this perspective,
multidisciplinary, multisectoral and
multinational approaches is essential to
ensure the sustainable management of
natural teak forests for continued supply of
quality timber to satisfy the needs of both
present and future generations.