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International Seminar on Biodiversity and Sustainable Development in the Mekong River Basin 39

CHAPTER 6

Environmental Sustainability of Water Resources in Srepok River Basin under the Context
of Climate Change

Nuong Thi Bui 1,2,* , Trang Quynh Vu , Huyen Thi Phung , Thao Thi Phuong Bui , Ngoc Thi Nguyen , and Duong
1
1
4
3
Du Bui
5

1 Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, No. 41A Phudien Street, North
Tuliem District, Hanoi City 100000, Vietnam
2 Postdoc Research Associate, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
3 Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
4 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United State
5 Water Resources Monitoring Department, National Center for Water Resources Planning and Investigation, Hanoi
City 100000, Vietnam
* Corresponding author: E-mail: btnuong@hunre.edu.vn

Abstract

In order to assess the environmental sustainability for water resources in the Vietnamese
Srepok River Basin, this study applied Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and its extension fuzzy
AHP approaches to establish an assessment process. The ten core environmental sustainability
indicators were developed by consideration of the actual situation existed in the targeted study
area. We conducted a consultation to the water and environmental related experts to find out the
significance of these proposed indicators. As the results, the two most important indicators were
SI04 and SI06 respectively related to groundwater pollution and the flood-affected area. SI03,
SI02, SI08, SI09 and SI10 related to ecological limit, surface water pollution and water saving
irrigation technique were judged at relatively significant. SI01, SI05 and SI07 related to water
mining limit, landslide and drought-affected area were put at slightly significant to the overall
environmental sustainability. For the findings of sustainability assessment, water pollution -
related indicators of SI03, SI04, and SI09 were reasonably assessed at poor and even very poor
sustainability levels. Other indicators were assessed at good and excellent levels. Thus, the
composite environmental sustainability index was finally assessed at acceptable level. In order to
improve the sustainability of the VSRB, improving the quality of the water resources and
encouraging more use of the water saving technique instead of the traditional one should be highly
considered.

Keywords: Climate change, Environmental sustainability, Water resources, AHP, Vietnamese
Srepok River Basin.

Introduction
In recent decades, climate change (CC) is known as a very hot issue worldwide, it has been
affecting many economic sectors related to the use of water resources, especially agriculture and
food production. The IPCC's assessment report on the impact of CC on food crops shows that in
the tropics, an increase in average temperature will adversely affect yield by directly affecting the
period of flowering and fertilization. A 10°C increase in temperature will reduce maize yield by 5
°
to 20% and can be reduced by as much as 60% with a 4 C increase in temperature. Similarly, rice
yield can be reduced by 10% for each degree increase. Other crops will also be similarly affected

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