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โครงการหนังสืออิเล็กทรอนิกส์ด้านการเกษตร เฉลิมพระเกียรติพระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว

Table 2.11 Seven Types of Leather Defects Classified
According to Shape
Type of Defect appearance Mark or scar of leather defect
defects and definition
1. Thin Spots like scars Hair root, over buffing, pinhole,
spot with a diameter of < putrid spot, dermatitis
1 mm
2. Spots Spots like scars Thorn scratch, nail mark, fish eye
with a diameter of > effect, chrome stain, salt stain, cure
1 mm stain, putrefied
3. Lines A line-type scar Vein, fat fold, crack, healed scratch,
with a width of < 1 wring felt mark
mm
4. Strips A line-type scar Brush mark, score knife, neck
with a width of > 1 wrinkle, iron mark
mm
5. Holes Hole damage Dig damage, grub hole, bullet mark
6. Animal breeding Brand mark
Patterns mark
7. No regular Wart, foul (contamination, pipe
Irregulars appearances as in grain, flay mark, putrefied, oil
any of the above burn), shade variation, water
types or several stream mottle, scratch, chafe mark,
types of defects hook mark, gear mark, not uniform
mixed together abrasion, parasitic speckled (tick,
mange, insufficient salt), dung stain
Source: Yeh, C. and D.B. Perng (2005)

Importantly, knife cuts or holes, especially if there
are many in the middle of a hide piece, are a significant
form of damage identified at the tannery, as well as hide
rots occurring from poor salting (Skunmun et al., 2005).
Tancous (1986) compiled a comprehensive description of
hide defects of farmed animals in USA and set them out in
chronological order starting with the effects of diseases and
injuries to the living animal, then covering the defects
occurring at the time of slaughter and removal of the hide

80 Thai Leather – Pakapun Skunmun